骨软骨炎 dissecans
Overview
The high-impact or repetitive stresses placed on the body from some sports can sometimes cause damage to the bone and cartilage, 最常见的是膝盖或肘部. This can lead to separation of a fragment of cartilage and bone from the rest of the joint. Sometimes the fragment stays in place; sometimes it can break off and fall into the joint space. This condition, usually associated with traumatic injury or overuse, is called 夹层性骨软骨炎. It's most common in children and adolescents.
While the underlying cause of OCD is not fully understood, it can be a cause of knee and elbow pain in young athletes. OCD of the knee typically occurs in sports that involve hard landings, 比如足球, 足球和体操. OCD of the elbow can result from sports with repeated overhead throwing, 比如棒球, or that require repetitive weight-bearing by the arms, 比如体操.
Symptoms of OCD can resemble those of other overuse injuries. Often it initially presents as pain with activity. But because a fragment of bone and cartilage can break loose and get caught in the joint causing damage, it's important to see a doctor promptly for diagnosis and treatment.
Our approach to osteochondritis dissecans
我们的团队包括整形外科十大赌博平台排行榜, 初级保健运动医学十大赌博平台排行榜, and physical therapists who are experienced in evaluating and treating conditions such as osteochondritis dissecans. These specialists work together to develop the best treatment plan to relieve pain and restore mobility so patients can return to their normal activities.
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体征和症状
The first symptom of OCD may be a pain in a joint, sometimes associated with a popping sensation. 如果加重的活动继续, the joint may become significantly inflamed and damaged, 导致其他症状. 这些可能包括:
- 关节疼痛或压痛
- Swelling or stiffness around the joint
- Difficulty fully straightening the arm or leg
- Feeling as if the joint is catching or locking
- 关节周围积液
诊断
来判断你是否有强迫症, the doctor will first perform a physical exam, checking for pain along the affected joint. But imaging tests are usually needed to confirm the diagnosis. 这些可能包括:
- x射线. These images can show abnormalities in the joint's bones but won't reveal soft tissue damage. If x射线 appear normal yet your symptoms continue, additional tests may be ordered.
- 磁共振成像(MRI). An MRI scan can provide detailed images of bones, cartilage and other soft tissues.
- 计算机断层扫描(CT). This technique combines x射线 taken from various angles to produce detailed cross-sectional images that help doctors pinpoint the location of loose fragments within a joint.
治疗
If the piece of bone hasn't broken loose from the joint, the first line of treatment is usually nonsurgical. The plan will likely include a rest from high-impact activities that stress the joint; icing the injured area; and taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain, 比如布洛芬(Advil), 布洛芬). You may need to use crutches or wear a brace for a few weeks to reduce stress on the joint. Physical therapy may be ordered to strengthen the muscles that support the joint. During this period of rest and recovery, you will need to be closely monitored to check on the healing of the bone fragment.
You may need surgery under the following circumstances:
- There are loose fragments of bone and cartilage in the joint or the damaged area of the joint is in danger of breaking loose.
- The injured area hasn't healed after four to six months of rest and physical therapy.
- 你的症状还在持续.
Surgeons have a variety of procedures for repairing osteochondritis dissecans. Your surgeon will choose the best technique based on the size and stage of the injury and other factors.
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.
