Urine protein dipstick test

定义

The urine protein dipstick test measures the presence of all proteins, 包括白蛋白, 在尿样中.

Albumin and protein can also be measured using a 血液测试.

选择的名字

Urine protein; Albumin - urine; Urine albumin; Proteinuria; Albuminuria

How the Test is Performed

After you provide a urine sample, it is tested. The health care provider uses a dipstick made with a color-sensitive pad. The color on the dipstick tells the provider the level of protein in your urine.

If needed, your provider may ask you to collect your urine at home over 24 hours. Your provider will tell you how to do this. Follow instructions exactly so that the results are accurate.

How to Prepare for the Test

Different medicines can change the result of this test. Before the test, tell your provider which medicines you are taking. DO NOT stop taking any medicine before talking to your provider.

The following may also interfere with test results:

• 脱水
• Dye (contrast media) if you have a radiology scan within 3 days before the urine test
• Fluid from the vagina that gets into the urine
• 剧烈运动
• Urinary tract infection

How the Test Will Feel

The test only involves normal urination. There is no discomfort.

Why the Test is Performed

This test is most often done when your provider suspects you have 肾脏疾病. It may also be used as a screening test for 肾脏疾病, for example in people with 糖尿病.

Although small amounts of protein are normally present in urine, a routine dipstick test may not detect them. A urine microalbumin test can be performed to detect small amounts of albumin in the urine that may not be detected on dipstick testing. If the kidney is diseased, proteins may be detected on a dipstick test, even if blood protein levels are normal.

正常的结果

For a random urine sample, normal values are 0 to 14 mg/dL.

For a 24-hour urine collection, the normal value is less than 80 mg per 24 hours.

The examples above are common measurements for results of these tests. Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Larger amounts of protein in the urine may be due to:

• 心脏衰竭
• Kidney problems, such as 肾脏损害, diabetic 肾脏疾病, 肾囊肿
• Loss of body fluids (dehydration)
• 多发性骨髓瘤
• Problems during pregnancy, such as seizures due to 惊厥 or high blood pressure caused by 子痫前期
• Urinary tract problems, such as a bladder tumor or infection

风险

There are no risks with this test.

参考文献

Krishnan A, Levin A. Laboratory assessment of 肾脏疾病: glomerular filtration rate, urinalysis, proteinuria. In: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 11日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 23.

兰姆EJ，琼斯GRD. Kidney function tests. In: Rifai N, Chiu RWK, Young I, Burnham CD, Wittwer CT, eds. Tietz Textbook of Laboratory Medicine. 7日艾德. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2023:chap 34.