甲状旁腺激素(PTH)血液检查

定义

The PTH test measures the level of parathyroid hormone in the blood.

PTH代表甲状旁腺激素. It is a protein hormone released by the parathyroid gland.

A laboratory test can be done to measure the amount of PTH in your blood.

选择的名字

Parathormone; Parathormone (PTH) intact molecule; Intact PTH; Hyperparathyroidism - PTH blood test; Hypoparathyroidism - PTH blood test

如何执行测试

A 血液样本 是必要的.

如何准备考试

Ask your health care provider if you should stop eating or drinking for some period of time before the test. Most often, you will not need to fast or stop drinking.

考试的感觉如何

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain. 其他人只感到刺痛或刺痛. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or slight bruising. 这很快就会消失.

为什么要进行测试

PTH is released by the parathyroid glands. The 4 small parathyroid glands are located in the neck, near or attached to the back side of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located in the neck, just above where your collarbones meet in the middle.

PTH controls calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels in the blood. It is important for regulating bone growth. 如果出现以下情况，您的提供者可能会要求进行此测试:

• 你有一个 高钙含量 or 低磷 你血液中的水平.
• 你有严重的 骨质疏松症 that cannot be explained or does not respond to treatment.
• 你有肾脏疾病.

To help understand whether your PTH is normal, your provider will measure your 血钙 同时.

正常的结果

Normal values are 10 to 55 picograms per milliliter (pg/mL).

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different specimens. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results. Try to go back to the same lab each time you need to have your PTH level tested so your provider can reliably compare your results over time.

A PTH value in the normal range can still be inappropriate when serum calcium levels are high. Talk to your provider about what your result means.

异常结果意味着什么

A higher-than-normal level may occur with:

• Disorders that increase phosphate or phosphorous levels in the blood, such as 长期(慢性)肾病
• Failure of the body to respond to PTH (pseudohypoparathyroidism)
• 缺钙, which may be due to not eating enough calcium, 不能在肠道吸收钙, or losing too much calcium in your urine
• 怀孕或哺乳(不常见)
• Swelling or tumors (adenomas) in the parathyroid glands, called primary 甲状旁腺功能亢进
• 维生素D紊乱, including not enough sunlight in older adults and problems absorbing, 分解, 利用体内的维生素D

A lower-than-normal level may occur with:

• Accidental removal of parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery
• Autoimmune destruction of the parathyroid gland
• Cancers that start in another part of the body (such as the breast, 肺, or colon) and spread to the bone (releasing calcium into the blood stream)
• Excess calcium intake over a long period of time, usually from excess calcium supplements or certain antacids, that contain calcium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)
• Parathyroid glands that do not produce enough PTH (hypoparathyroidism)
• 血液中镁含量低
• 放射到甲状旁腺
• 结节病 and tuberculosis (usually when these conditions lead to a high serum calcium level)
• 过量摄入维生素D

Other conditions for which the test may be ordered include:

• 多发性内分泌瘤(MEN
• 多发性内分泌瘤(MEN

风险

There is little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one person to another and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight, but may include:

• 大出血
• 多次穿刺定位静脉
• 昏厥或感到头晕
• Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

参考文献

Bringhurst FR, Demay MB, Kronenberg HM. Hormones and disorders of mineral metabolism. In: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. 威廉斯内分泌学教科书. 14日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 29.

张勇，张勇. Biochemical markers of bone metabolism. 见:McPherson RA, Pincus MR，编辑. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 16.