喷发黄瘤病

定义

喷发黄瘤病 is a skin condition that causes small yellow-red bumps to appear on the body. It can occur in people who have a very high blood triglyceride level. These people also frequently have 糖尿病.

选择的名字

Eruptive xanthoma; Eruptive xanthomata; Xanthoma - eruptive; Diabetes - xanthoma

原因

喷发黄瘤病 is a rare skin condition caused by an excessively high triglyceride level in the blood. It can occur in people with poorly-controlled 糖尿病 or in people who take some medicines, 比如异维甲酸, 雌激素, 和环孢霉素, which can increase the triglyceride levels.

Cholesterol 和甘油三酯 are types of fats that naturally occur in your blood. High levels increase the risk for heart disease and other health problems.

When 糖尿病 is not well-controlled, the insufficient insulin level makes it harder for the body to break down fats in the blood. This increases the level of fats in the blood. The extra fat can collect under the skin to form small bumps which are xanthomas.

症状

The skin bumps may vary in color from yellow, orange-yellow, red-yellow, to red. A small red halo may form around the bump. 这些障碍是:

• 豌豆大小的
• 蜡状
• 公司

While harmless by themselves, the bumps may be itchy and tender. They tend to appear on the:

• 臀部
• 肩膀
• 武器
• 大腿
• 腿

考试和测试

Your health care provider will take your medical history and examine your skin. You may have the following blood tests:

• 血液测试 胆固醇 和甘油三酯
• 血糖测试 糖尿病
• Pancreatic function test

A 皮肤活组织检查 may be done to help diagnose the condition.

治疗

治疗 for eruptive xanthomatosis involves lowering:

• 血甘油三酸酯
• 血糖
• Stopping or decreasing the dose of culprit medicines

Your provider will ask you to make changes in your lifestyle and diet. 这有助于降低 高血脂.

If you have 糖尿病, your provider will ask you to manage your blood sugar through diet, exercise, and medicines.

If lifestyle changes do not work, your provider may ask you to take medicines to help lower blood fat levels, 如:

• 他汀类药物
• 一类
• Lipid-lowering antioxidants
• 烟酸
• 胆汁酸树脂

The skin bumps go away by themselves after few weeks. They clear once the blood sugar and fat levels are under control.

Possible Complications

If not treated, high triglyceride levels can lead to 胰腺炎.

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Contact your health care provider if you:

• Have poor control of 糖尿病
• Notice yellowish-red bumps on your skin

预防

Control of blood fats and blood sugar can help prevent this condition. Follow your provider's treatment recommendations.

参考文献

Ahn CS, Yosipovitch G, Huang WW. 糖尿病和皮肤. In: Callen JP, Jorizzo JL, Zone JJ, Piette WW, Rosenbach MA, Vleugels RA, eds. Dermatological Signs of Systemic Disease. 5日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap 24.

布劳恩斯坦我. Cutaneous manifestations of lipid disorders. In: Callen JP, Jorizzo JL, Zone JJ, Piette WW, Rosenbach MA, Vleugels RA, eds. Dermatological Signs of Systemic Disease. 5日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap 26.

Fitzpatrick JE, High WA, Kyle WL. 黄色病变. In: Fitzpatrick JE, High WA, Kyle WL, eds. Urgent Care Dermatology: Symptom-Based Diagnosis. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 33.

帕特森JW. Cutaneous infiltrates - nonlymphoid. 见:帕特森JW编. Weedon's Skin Pathology. 5日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 41.

White LE, Horenstein MG, Shea CR. 黄色瘤. In: Lebwohl MG, Heymann WR, Coulson IH, Murrell DF, eds. 治疗 of Skin Disease. 6日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 256.